Ecology Test for csir

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                                                                      Ecology Test

1. The pyramids of biomass are always inverted in

a) Pond ecosystem

b) Desert ecosystem

c) Grassland ecosystem

d) Forest ecosystem

2. The interspecific interaction between the termites and protozoans(Trichonympha sp.), present in the guts of termites is called

a)Amensalism

b)Mutualism

c)Commensalism

d)Parasitism

3. The grazing pathway of energy flow is relatively more important then the detritus pathway in

a) Grassland ecosystem

b) Tropical forest ecosystem

c) Pond ecosystem

d) Marine ecosystem

4. Similar environment in different continents produce similar type of ecosystems. Species occupying similar ecological niche in such disjunct ecosystems are known as

a) Ecological guilds

b) Ecotypes

c) Ecological indicators

d) Ecological equivalents

5. A taxon facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future is regarded as

a) Endangered

b) Vulneable

c) Near threated

d) Critically endangered

6. With reference to ecological niche, consider the following statements:

     1. Often, within the same species, different stages in the organisms'life history occupy different niches.

     2. In some species, niche segregation may occur between sexes. When niches of two species overlap, it always results in the elimination of one species. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only

b) 1 and 3 only

c) 2 only

d) 1, 2 and 3

7. Among the following, which one is the most productive ecosystem in terms of mean net primary productivity (g/m2/ year)

a) Tropical rain forest

b) Tropical seasonal forest

c) Swamp and marsh

d) Coral reef

8. Eutrophication of lakes results in

 1. increase in species richness

 2.increases in detritus content

 3. increase in in nitrate content Which of the statements given above are correct?

a) 1, 2 and 3

b) 1 and 2 only

c) 2 and 3 only

d) 3 only

9. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) refers to the amount of oxygen required to

a) Break down the organic materials

b)Facilitate respiration

c)Synthesise organic compounds

d) Convert inorganic materials to their oxides and cause their precipitation

10. Who among the following is assoiated with the description of Y shaped or 2 channel energy flow model applicable to both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems?

a) Hardin

b)Odum

c) Shelford

d) Liebig

11. The type of vegetation in  climate having temperature range 5-200C and rainfall 150-300 cm will be

a) Temperate deciduous

b) Temperate evergreen

c) Taiga

d) Grasslands

12. Among the following which is the best indicator of water pollution due to mixing of human faeces

a) Paramecium

b) Bacillus

c) Trypanasoma

d) E.coli

13. Among the following which is not an characteristic feature of r-selected species (June 2006)

a) Maturity at later stage

b) large clutch size

c) small size of offspring

d) maturity at early stage of life

14. It has been observed the bacteria secretes toxin at high population density to check the population size. This phenomenon is termed as

a) Quorum sensing

b) Population control

c) Alleopathy

d) Interspecific completion

15. The accumulation of DDT has decreased the population of pelican ducks because DDT

a) Killed all ducken

b) decreased availability of Ca for egg shells which leads into thin shelled fragile eggs

c) Stopped synthesis of eggs

d) Interfered Ca metabolism

16. Hot spots are primarily designated on basis

a) Endemism

b) Species diversity

c) Area covered species

d) Flowering plant species

17. Phytoplankton spends very little energy on developing protective structures against predator, this suggests that why

a) Food chain is small

b) There is less competition

c) Productivity of aquatic ecosystem is low

d) Assimilation efficiency is high in aquatic ecosystem

18. Temporary fluctuation in population size is due to

a) Migration

b) Carrying capacity

c) Bottle neck

d) Interspecific competition

19. Stenohaline organisms can

a) Tolerate Narrow range of salt concentration

b)Tolerate wide range of salt

c) Escapes salty conditions

d) Can secrete extra salt to keep salt amount constant

20. Effective population size for completely monogamous species having 40 males and 10 females would be

a) 42

b) 32

c) 20

d) 10

21.Characteristic feature of K-selected species is

a) High intrinsic rate of growth

b) small size and large number of offsprings

c) large age at first reproduction

d) short life span

22. Biodiversity hot spots are characterized on the basis of

a) Endemic flowering plants and threat perception

b) Endemic flowering plants

c) Species of flowering plants

d) Treat perception

23.Which national park is not correctly matched with its organism

a) Ranthambore-Bengal Tiger

b) Rajaji- Hollock gibbon

c) Kanchanjanga- Rhino ceros

d) Bandipur -Elephant

24. Correct order for increasing order of primary productivity is

a) Ocean-Desert-Tropical deciduous forest-tropical rain forest

b) Desert- tropical deciduous- ocean -tropical rain forest

c) Tropical rain forest- ocean- tropical deciduous-Deserts

d) Tropical deciduous-Desert-ocean-Tropical rain forest

25. Type III survivorship curve is shown by

a) Birds

b) Pelagic fishes

c) Humans

d) Phytophagous insects

Answer Key here

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